General
Functions, Authority and Role
The Audit Committee (the “Audit Committee”) is a committee of the
Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.
(the “Company”). The Audit Committee’s primary function
shall be to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities by
reviewing the financial information to be provided to the stockholders and others,
the systems of internal controls that management and the Board have established,
and the Company’s audit process.
The Audit Committee shall have the power to conduct
or authorize investigations into any matters within
the Audit Committee’s scope of responsibilities. In
connection with such investigations or otherwise in the course of fulfilling
its responsibilities under this Charter, the Audit Committee shall have the authority
to engage and compensate special legal, accounting, or other consultants to advise
it as it deems necessary, and may request any officer or employee of the Company,
its outside legal counsel or outside auditor to attend a meeting of the Audit
Committee or to meet with any members of, or consultants to, the Audit Committee. The
Audit Committee may also meet with the Company’s
investment bankers or financial analysts who follow
the Company.
The Company’s outside auditor shall ultimately be accountable to the Board
and to the Audit Committee, as representative of the stockholders, and the Audit
Committee shall have direct responsibility to appoint, evaluate, compensate,
retain, oversee (including resolving disagreements between management and the
outside auditor regarding financial reporting) and, where appropriate, replace
the outside auditor, or to nominate the outside auditor to be proposed for stockholder
ratification. In the course of fulfilling its specific responsibilities
hereunder, the Audit Committee shall strive to maintain an open avenue of communication
between the Company’s outside auditor and the
Board.
The responsibilities of a member of the Audit
Committee shall be in addition to such member’s duties as a member of the Board.
Membership
The membership of the Audit Committee shall consist
of at least three independent outside members of the
Board who shall serve at the pleasure of the Board. The
membership of the Audit Committee shall meet the independence and financial literacy
and experience requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. or similar requirements
of such other securities exchange or quotation system as may from time to time
apply to the Company (taking into account applicable exceptions therefrom).
In
addition, no member shall have participated in the
preparation of the financial statements of the Company or any current subsidiary
of the Company at any time during the past three years.
Audit Committee members and the Audit Committee Chairperson
shall be designated by the full Board upon the recommendation
of the nominating committee.
Meetings, Quorum, Informal Actions, Minutes
The
Audit Committee shall meet on a regular basis. Special
meetings may be called by the Chairman of the Audit
Committee. A majority of the
members of the Audit Committee shall constitute a quorum. Concurrence
of a majority of the quorum (or, in case a quorum at the time consists of two
members of the Committee, both members present) shall be required to take formal
action of the Audit Committee. Written
minutes shall be kept for all informal meetings of
the Audit Committee.
The
Audit Committee may act by unanimous written consent,
and may conduct meetings via conference telephone or
similar communication equipment. Members of the
Audit Committee may meet informally with officers or
employees of the Company and its subsidiaries and with
the Company’s independent
auditors, and may conduct informal inquiries and studies
without the necessity of holding a formal meeting.
The Audit Committee may delegate to its Chairman or
to one or more of its members the responsibility for
performing routine functions as, for example, review
of press releases announcing results of Company operations.
Duties and Responsibilities
In addition to any duties and responsibilities assigned
to the Audit Committee from time to time by the Board,
the Audit Committee shall:
General
Meet at least quarterly, or more
frequently as circumstances or the obligations
of the Audit Committee require, with the chief
financial officer, the senior internal auditing
executive and the outside auditor in separate executive
sessions.
Make regular reports to the Board,
including reports of any Audit Committee actions
and such recommendations as the Audit Committee
may deem appropriate.
Annually review and reassess the
adequacy of this Charter and, if appropriate, propose
changes to the Board for approval.
Perform such functions as may be
assigned by law, the Company’s Articles of
Incorporation or Bylaws, or the Board.
At least annually, conduct a self-evaluation
of the performance of the Audit Committee.
Outside Auditor
Review the experience and qualifications
of the senior members of the outside auditor team
and the quality control procedures of the outside
auditor.
At least annually, obtain and review
a report by the outside auditor describing the
firm's internal quality control procedures; any
material issues raised by the most recent internal
quality-control review, or peer review, of the
firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental
or professional authorities, within the preceding
five years, respecting one or more independent
audits carried out by the firm, and any steps taken
to deal with any such issues; and (to assess the
auditor's independence) all relationships between
the outside auditor and the listed company.
As
necessary, consider with management and the outside
auditor the rationale for employing audit firms
other than the principal outside auditor. Evaluate
together with the Board whether it is appropriate
to adopt a policy of rotating outside auditors
on a regular basis.
Appoint, evaluate, compensate,
retain, oversee (including resolve disagreements
between management and the outside auditor regarding
financial reporting) and, where appropriate, replace
the outside auditor, or nominate the outside auditor
to be proposed for stockholder ratification.
Pre-approve the retention of the
outside auditor for all audit, review and attestation
engagements and such non-audit services as the
outside auditor is permitted to provide the Company
and approve the fees for such services pursuant
to procedures that may be adopted by the Committee
from time to time. Pre‑approval of
audit and non-audit services shall not be delegated
to management, but may be delegated to one or more
independent members of the Committee so long as
that member or members report their decisions to
the Committee at all regularly scheduled meetings. In
considering whether to pre-approve any non-audit
services, the Committee or its delegees shall consider
whether the provision of such services is compatible
with maintaining the independence of the outside
auditor.
Approve the scope and fees to be
paid to the outside auditor for audit services
and approve the partner, manager and technical
review partner on the audit engagement.
Take reasonable steps to confirm
the independence of the outside auditor, which
shall include:
ensuring receipt from the outside
auditor of a formal written statement delineating
all relationships between the outside auditor
and the Company, consistent with Independence
Standards Board Standard No. 1;
discussing with the outside auditor
any disclosed relationships or services that
may impact the objectivity and independence of
the outside auditor, and
as necessary, taking, or recommending
that the Board take, appropriate action to oversee
the independence of the outside auditor. In
performing this duty, the Audit Committee shall
consider whether the outside auditor’s
provision of financial systems design and implementation
services and any other non-audit services is
compatible with the independence of the outside
auditor.
Recommend to the Board guidelines
for the Company’s hiring of employees of
the outside auditor who were engaged on the Company’s
account, ensuring, at a minimum, the compliance
with applicable legal and regulatory requirements.
Review earnings press releases
(paying particular attention to any use of “pro
forma,” or “adjusted” non-GAAP,
information), as well as financial information
and earnings guidance provided to analysts and
rating agencies.
Audit Process and Results
Consider, in consultation with
the outside auditor and internal auditor prior
to the audit, the audit’s scope, planning,
and staffing.
Review with the outside auditor
the coordination of the audit effort to assure
completeness of coverage, reduction of redundant
efforts, and the effective use of audit resources.
Consider and review with the outside
auditor:
The adequacy of the Company’s
internal controls including computerized information
system controls and security, ensuring compliance
with applicable legal and regulatory requirements.
Any related significant findings
and recommendations of the outside auditor together
with management’s responses thereto.
he matters required to be discussed
by Statement on Auditing Standards No. 61, as
the same may be modified and supplemented from
time to time.
An analysis prepared by management
and the outside auditor of significant financial
reporting issues and judgments made in connection
with the preparation of the Company’s financial
statements, including an analysis of the effect
of alternative GAAP methods on the Company’s
financial statements and a description of any
transactions as to which management obtained
Statement on Auditing Standards No. 50 letters.
Review and discuss with management
and with the outside auditor at the completion
of the annual examination, or earlier, if circumstances
require:
The Company’s audited financial
statements and related footnotes.
The outside auditor’s audit
of the financial statements and their report
thereon.
Any significant changes required
in the outside auditor’s audit plan.
Any changes required in the planned
scope of the internal audit.
Any major issues regarding accounting
or auditing principles and practices as well
as the adequacy of internal controls that could
significantly affect the Company’s financial
statements.
Any difficulties encountered in
the course of the audit work, including any restrictions
on the scope of activities or access to required
information, or disagreements with management
encountered during the course of the audit.
Any management letter provided
by the outside auditor and the Company’s
response to that letter.
Significant findings during the
year and management’s responses thereto.
Other matters related to the conduct
of the audit which are to be communicated to
the Audit Committee under generally accepted
auditing standards.
Meet periodically with management
and the outside auditor to review the Company’s
major financial risk exposures and the steps management
has taken to monitor and control such exposures.
Review with management and the
outside auditor the effect of regulatory and accounting
initiatives as well as off-balance sheet structures
on the Company’s financial statements.
Review major changes to the Company’s
auditing and accounting principles and practices
as suggested by the outside auditor, internal auditors
or management.
Obtain from the outside auditor
assurance that Section 10A of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 has not been implicated.
Meet with the outside auditor and
management in separate executive sessions to discuss
any matters that the Audit Committee or these groups
believe should be discussed privately with the
Audit Committee.
Review with management and the
outside auditor any correspondence with regulators
or governmental agencies and any employee complaints
or published reports which raise material issues
regarding the Company’s financial statements
or accounting policies.
Review management reports, providing
assurance of compliance with regulatory requirements.
Securities and Exchange Commission Filings
Review filings with the Securities
and Exchange Commission and other published documents
containing the Company’s financial statements.
Review with management and the
outside auditor the draft of the quarterly earnings
release, interim financial statements and results
of the outside auditor’s reviews thereof
before they are released to the public or filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Discuss with the national office
of the outside auditor issues on which it was consulted
by the Company’s audit team and matters of
audit quality and consistency.
Prepare the report required by
the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission
to be included in the Company’s annual proxy
statement.
Internal Controls and Legal Matters
Review the Company’s policies
and procedures with respect to officer expense
accounts and perquisites, including their use of
corporate assets, and consider the results of any
review of these areas by the outside auditor.
Review with the Company’s
general counsel legal and regulatory matters that
may have a material impact on the financial statements
and review related Company compliance policies
and any material reports or inquiries received
from regulators or governmental agencies.
Review the Company’s policies
and procedures to assure that they preclude loans
to officers and directors. Confirm periodically
that no such loans have been made.
Review the Company’s policies
and procedures to assure that any transactions
with directors, officers or members of their immediate
families are reviewed and approved in advance by
the Audit Committee. Confirm periodically
that no unapproved transactions have occurred.
Review the Company’s policies
and procedures to assure that all non-audit services
provided by the Company’s auditors are reviewed
and approved in advance by the Audit Committee. Confirm
periodically that no unapproved transactions have
occurred.
Obtain reports from management,
the Company’s senior internal auditor and
the outside auditor that the Company’s subsidiaries
and foreign affiliated entities are in conformity
with applicable legal requirements and the Company’s
own policies, including disclosures of insider
and affiliated party transactions.
Advise the Board with respect to
the Company’s policies and procedures regarding
compliance with applicable laws and regulations
and compliance with the Company’s policies
or code of conduct.
Review quarterly reports provided
by management, relating to pending, threatened
or likely litigation.
Review the appointment and replacement
of the senior internal auditing executive.
Review the internal audit department
responsibilities, budget and staffing.
Review significant reports to management
prepared by the internal auditing department and
management’s responses.
Assure that the Company has adequate
procedures in place for the receipt, retention
and treatment of complaints received by the Company
regarding allegations of suspected acts that are
illegal or in violation of specific public regulations
or policies, or regarding accounting, internal
accounting controls or auditing matters.
Assure that the Company has adequate
procedures in place for the confidential, anonymous
submission by employees of the Company regarding
questionable accounting or auditing matters.
Consult with the Nominating and
Governance Committee regarding the development
and monitoring of compliance with a code of ethics
for senior financial officers pursuant to and to
the extent required by regulations applicable to
the Company from time to time.
Consult with the Nominating and
Governance Committee regarding the development
and monitoring of compliance with a code of conduct
for all Company employees, officers and directors
pursuant to and to the extent required by regulations
applicable to the Company from time to time.
Review and approve all related-party
transactions, including transactions between the
Company and its officers or directors or affiliates
of officers or directors.
Note on Related Management and Outside
Auditor Roles
While the Audit Committee has the responsibilities and
powers set forth in this Charter, it is not the duty
of the Audit Committee to plan or conduct audits or to
determine that the Company’s financial statements
are complete, accurate, and in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. These are the responsibilities
of management and the outside auditor.